HOA Security: 12 Ways to Improve Safety

More than 75 million Americans live in a community governed by a homeowners association (HOA)—about 30% of homes—according to the Foundation for Community Association Research. That number continues to grow, too. In 2024, another 3,000 new HOAs are expected to form.

In planned developments, HOAs enforce community rules and help maintain grounds and budgets for the neighborhood. HOAs and residents also want a safe environment to live in, mitigating any potential criminal activity and loss or damage in the community.

While HOAs are not solely responsible for security, there can be significant liability if security issues are not addressed.

What is HOA Security?

HOA security includes the actions you take to keep residents safe and secure in your community—protecting people, property, and assets. It includes physical security strategies, technological solutions, and community engagement to deter criminal activity and provide a safe environment.

Let’s take a look at 12 ways HOAs can improve safety.

1. Secure Entry Points

One of the simplest ways to increase security is by securing entry points. A gate at the entrance to the community with a 24/7 security guard serves as your first layer of security. Residents can enter via a separate gate, activated by a sticker on the windshield, while guests have to be announced in advance and clear security.

Implementing Key Card or Keypad Access Systems

Key cards, fobs, or keypads can also help provide secure access and provide another layer of protection. In case of abuse, such devices can also help track who enters and exits areas. There’s another use as well. By tracking usage, HOAs can measure how often areas are accessed to see the value they provide to the community.

Installing Robust Locks and Deadbolts

High-quality locks and deadbolts for community centers, buildings, gyms, pools, or common areas can help deter intruders. Encouraging homeowners to practice similar security measures can help as well.

2. Effective Lighting Strategies

Studies show that lighting is highly effective at preventing crime. One study in New York showed a 39% decrease in crime when exterior lighting was increased. Another study, done by the U.S. Department of Justice, reports that increased lighting can reduce crime by up to 20%.

Strategic Placement of Exterior Lights

HOAs should ensure that all common areas, pathways, and parking lots are well lit. This discourages potential intruders while enhancing the overall safety of residents as they move around the neighborhood at night.

Utilizing Motion-Sensor Lights

Motion-sensor lights are an effective and energy-efficient solution for buildings and common areas where constant illumination like streetlights is not warranted. As the light activates when movement is detected, it can startle any potential threat actors and alert those nearby.

3. Surveillance Systems and Cameras

Security cameras can monitor activity and record evidence in case of an incident. Modern surveillance systems can also employ artificial intelligence and machine learning to detect suspicious activity. For example, some surveillance systems can distinguish between animals and humans.

Choosing the Right Camera Systems

Which camera systems are right for you will depend on how you want to use them. For example:

• Cameras can be installed at access points and integrated into access control solutions or intercoms.
• Neighborhood watch cameras can be linked to sensors and alarms to warn operators about activity in high-risk areas.
• Some HOA camera systems include license plate recognition (LPR) to identify vehicles as they pass.

You do need someone to watch cameras live to ensure real-time coverage.

Ensuring Proper Installation and Maintenance

HOA security measures should include regular inspections and maintenance to ensure that equipment is working properly. Neglect can increase liability, while proactive measures can shield the board from liability.

4. Fencing and Gates

“Good fences make good neighbors,” wrote poet Robert Frost. While he was talking more about boundaries, fences in communities can improve safety.

Selecting Durable Materials

For neighborhoods that are not already gated communities, installing perimeter fencing on property can enhance security. The HOA board and security staff should choose durable materials that are long-lasting and difficult to climb or breach.

Regular Inspection and Repair

Your security plan should include periodic inspections for damage or wear. Repair and maintenance help keep perimeters from unauthorized entry as well as maintaining property values.

5. Access Control Systems

Access control mechanisms add another layer of HOA security.

Integrating with Existing Security Measures

Any solution you choose needs to integrate seamlessly with your other community security strategies. For example, combining gate access controls with security cameras and security officers serve as gatekeepers for neighborhoods and provide visual confirmation of access.

Managing Access Permissions

HOAs should have access control protocols in place to issue, track, and revoke cards or codes. Diligent security management and enforcement of community security rules can aid in crime prevention and maintain a feeling of safety within the neighborhood. Access control protocols need to be applied consistently and promptly when residents move in or out.

6. Hiring a Professional Security Company

Depending on your approach to community safety, you may want to consider armed or unarmed security guards. Security officers can be stationed at your entrance points to augment gate security systems, or you may want to add mobile patrol security to keep an eye on your neighborhood.

Benefits of Professional Security Services

There are several key benefits of engaging neighborhood security guards, including:

• Increased sense of security
• Improved quality of life for residents
• Faster response in case of incidents
• Deterrent for unauthorized activity

Choosing the Right Security Company

When choosing a security company, the HOA’s Board of Directors should evaluate potential providers and look for firms experienced in residential communities.

7. Smart Home Security Devices

Security is a shared responsibility. Residents can employ smart home security devices to help protect their own homes.

Utilizing Smart Locks and Cameras

Smart locks allow keyless entry and can be controlled remotely, helping ensure doors are locked even when away from home. Smart cameras provide real-time monitoring and alerts and can help gather evidence in case of an incident.

Advantages of Integrated Home Security Systems

Integrated home security systems that combine various smart devices can provide comprehensive protection for individual homes. These systems often include features like motion sensors, door and window sensors, and professional monitoring services.

8. Organizing Neighborhood Watch Programs

According to the National Crime Prevention Council (NCPC), neighborhood watch groups are one of the most effective crime prevention programs in the country. Vigilant neighbors deter intruders and prevent potential property damage, theft, or other crimes from taking place.

Steps to Start a Neighborhood Watch

HOAs can help facilitate the creation of neighborhood watch programs by coordinating with local law enforcement agencies for training and meetings.

Keeping Members Engaged and Active

The key to a successful neighborhood watch programs is engagement. When neighbors are active in protecting their community, it can produce significant results.

9. Conducting Security Workshops

HOAs can also organize security workshops to educate residents on best practices for home security to help keep everyone safe.

Topics to Cover in Workshops

Topics might include:

• Recognizing suspicious activity
• How and when to report potential incidents
• Emergency preparedness
• Home security measures

Involving Local Experts

Inviting local law enforcement or security professionals to workshops can provide valuable insights and showcase real-life scenarios.

10. Promoting Communication Channels

A big part of security in your community association begins with educating residents.

Using Social Media for Security Updates

Creating neighborhood groups on social media can help HOAs and neighbors to quickly share important information or report problems. Sharing alerts about security practices or recent incidents can make it easy to share information.

Setting Up a Community Bulletin Board

Another option is setting up digital or physical community bulletin boards. You might include contact information for security personnel and updates on community security programs.

11. Routine Security Audits

You can monitor HOA security with a security assessment. An independent set of eyes evaluating your neighborhood security can uncover gaps you might otherwise overlook. An audit can show you where you need to strengthen security and suggest solutions and estimate costs.

Checklist for Security Audits

• Access control: Implement and maintain secure entry/exit points and visitor management systems.
• Managing access permissions: Keeping control of who has access to what, especially important as families move in or out of neighborhoods.
• Surveillance: Install and monitor security cameras in key areas.
• Lighting: Ensure adequate illumination in all common areas and pathways.
• Landscaping: Maintain clear sightlines and secure perimeters through proper landscaping.
• Community awareness: Foster resident engagement in security through education and reporting systems.
• Physical security: Secure all common area entry points and storage facilities.
• Cybersecurity: Protect resident data and HOA systems from digital threats.
• Emergency preparedness: Develop and communicate clear plans for various emergency scenarios.
• Vendor management: Establish security protocols for all service providers and contractors.
• Traffic safety: Implement and enforce measures to ensure safe vehicle and pedestrian movement.
• Amenity security: Secure common facilities like pools, gyms, and playgrounds.
• Security staff: If applicable, ensure proper training and clear procedures for security personnel.

HOA boards typically conduct security assessments on an annual basis. You may want to start by doing surveys with HOA members and ask for help in identifying any HOA security flaws they see. However, getting a professional assessment from HOA security services can document your efforts. This can provide greater peace of mind for residents and also limit your liability in case of an incident.

Addressing Identified Vulnerabilities

When vulnerabilities are identified, you need to act to mitigate risks. HOA security services can help as well as a routine HOA security patrol or security guards at entrances.

12. Building Relationships with Law Enforcement

HOAs should be proactive in establishing relationships with law enforcement agencies.

How to Establish Contact

By inviting police officers to community events, for example, you can establish their presence and allow neighbors to interact. Offering law enforcement personnel an opportunity to address or meet with neighbors to discuss crime prevention can also help.

Benefits of Regular Communication

When neighbors are comfortable with law enforcement officers and there is open communication, they will be more comfortable asking for advice or reporting potential incidents. The better law enforcement and safety professionals know your neighborhood, the faster they can respond.

Conclusion

Implementing effective security measures is a critical responsibility for HOAs. Focusing on these 12 areas can significantly enhance the safety of communities. By prioritizing security and involving all stakeholders—from board members to individual homeowners—HOAs can create safer, more secure living environments for residents.